原因分析及解决方法

当我们将 .gitignore 文件配置好后，却往往不能失效。这是因为 .gitignore 只能忽略那些没有被追踪(track)的文件，因为 git 存在本地缓存，如果文件已经纳入了版本管理，那么修改 .gitignore 是不能失效的。那么解决方案就是要将 git 的本地缓存删除，然后重新提交。

  • 执行以下Git命令
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    git rm -r --cached .
    git add .
    git commit -m "update .gitignore"

常用的.gitignore文件模板

Spring Boot

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# Created by .ignore support plugin (hsz.mobi)
### JetBrains template
# Covers JetBrains IDEs: IntelliJ, RubyMine, PhpStorm, AppCode, PyCharm, CLion, Android Studio
 
*.iml
 
## Directory-based project format:
.idea/
# if you remove the above rule, at least ignore the following:
 
# User-specific stuff:
.idea/workspace.xml
# .idea/tasks.xml
# .idea/dictionaries
 
# Sensitive or high-churn files:
# .idea/dataSources.ids
# .idea/dataSources.xml
# .idea/sqlDataSources.xml
# .idea/dynamic.xml
# .idea/uiDesigner.xml
 
# Gradle:
# .idea/gradle.xml
# .idea/libraries
*.log
*.log.gz

# Mongo Explorer plugin:
# .idea/mongoSettings.xml
 
## File-based project format:
*.ipr
*.iws
 
## Plugin-specific files:
 
# IntelliJ
/out/
 
# mpeltonen/sbt-idea plugin
.idea_modules/
 
# JIRA plugin
atlassian-ide-plugin.xml
 
# Crashlytics plugin (for Android Studio and IntelliJ)
com_crashlytics_export_strings.xml
crashlytics.properties
crashlytics-build.properties
### Maven template
target/
pom.xml.tag
pom.xml.releaseBackup
pom.xml.versionsBackup
pom.xml.next
release.properties
dependency-reduced-pom.xml
buildNumber.properties
.mvn/timing.properties
.DS_Store
*.jar

Vue

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.DS_Store
node_modules/
dist/
npm-debug.log*
yarn-debug.log*
yarn-error.log*
package-lock.json
tests/**/coverage/

## build压缩包
dist.tar

# Editor directories and files
.idea
.vscode
*.suo
*.ntvs*
*.njsproj
*.sln

Python

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# Virtual environment
bin/
include/
lib/
pyvenv.cfg

.cache
*.pyc
node_modules
yarn-error.log

/public
# Build directory
/build
.DS_Store
.sass-cache/
_posts/
_site/

.mypy_cache

/.vscode
.idea

Spring Cloud

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### gradle ###
.gradle
/build/
!gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar

### STS ###
.settings/
.apt_generated
.classpath
.factorypath
.project
.settings
.springBeans
bin/

### IntelliJ IDEA ###
.idea
*.iws
*.iml
*.ipr
rebel.xml

### NetBeans ###
nbproject/private/
build/
nbbuild/
nbdist/
.nb-gradle/

### maven ###
target/
*.war
*.ear
*.zip
*.tar
*.tar.gz
*.versionsBackup

### vscode ###
.vscode

### logs ###
/logs/
*.log

### temp ignore ###
*.cache
*.diff
*.patch
*.tmp
*.java~
*.properties~
*.xml~

### system ignore ###
.DS_Store
Thumbs.db
Servers
.metadata